《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(7): 1245-1250

放射性气体氡对植物的生理损伤: 以贝可利空凤为例

张瑞文, 谷民天, 郑桂灵, 李鹏^*

青岛农业大学资源与环境学院, 山东青岛266109

通信作者：李；E-mail: pengleep@163.com

摘　要：

为探讨天然放射性气体氡对植物体的生理损伤, 选择一种常见的大气污染指示植物贝可利空凤, 分别将其置于初始浓度为3 000和5 000 Bq·m^-3的标准氡室中, 经过72 h胁迫处理后检测了植物的各种生理指标。结果表明, 叶绿素含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量均与对照组有明显差异, 但MDA是唯一随氡浓度增加而显著增加的物质, 可以作为反映氡胁迫对贝可利空凤生理损伤的良好指标, 而叶绿素含量、SOD活性和CAT活性则可作为反映氡损伤的一般性指标。与之相反, 可溶性蛋白含量和相对电导率受氡影响不显著, 不适合作为氡对植物损伤的指标, 而过氧化物酶(POD)活性是否可做为合适指标还需要进一步研究。

关键词：大气污染; 指示植物; 生理损伤; 氡

收稿：2017-05-10   修定：2017-06-16

资助：国家自然科学基金(41475132和41571472)。
致谢 北京大学物理学院郭秋菊副教授和王云祥博士提供氡室并指导实验进行, 北京林业大学程瑾副教授在实验过程中给予帮助并提出宝贵建议。

Physiological damage of radioactive gas radon on the plants: in the case of Tillandsia brachycaulos

ZHANG Rui-Wen, GU Min-Tian, ZHENG Gui-Ling, LI Peng^*

School of Resource and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shangdong, 266109, China

Corresponding author: LI Peng; E-mail: pengleep@163.com

Abstract:

In order to investigate the physiological damage of radioactive gas radon on the plants, Tillandsia brachycaulos, one common air pollution indicator plant, was selected as the materials. Different physiological parameters were tested after the plants were treated with different radon concentrations (3 000 and 5 000 Bq·m^-3) in the standard radon chamber for 72 h. The chlorophyll content, SOD activity, CAT activity and MDA content were significantly different from the control, but only MDA content increased significantly with radon concentrations. So, MDA content can be used as a good index reflecting the damage of radon on the plants, while chlorophyll content, SOD activity and CAT activity used as general index. In contrast, the soluble protein content and relative electrical conductivity were not significantly affected by radon, so they were not suitable as index showing the physiological damage exposed to radon, while the activity of POD as a reflection of radon on plant damage need further study.

Key words: air pollution; indicator plant; physiological damage; radon